Before you can hold an HGV (LGV) licence in the UK, you must pass a DVLA Group 2 medical examination. This applies to all Category C, C1, C+E, and C1+E licence holders. This guide explains what the HGV medical involves, what conditions may affect your application, and how to prepare.
What Is the DVLA Group 2 Medical?
The Group 2 medical is a higher standard of fitness assessment required for drivers of large goods vehicles (LGV/HGV) and passenger-carrying vehicles (PCV). It is more rigorous than the standard Group 1 medical required for car drivers because HGV drivers spend more time behind the wheel and operate larger, heavier vehicles.
The medical is completed on a D4 form, which must be signed by a DVLA-approved doctor. You can find an approved doctor through the DVLA website or by asking your GP surgery.
What Does the HGV Medical Involve?
The D4 medical examination typically covers the following areas:
| Area assessed | What is checked |
|---|---|
| Eyesight | Visual acuity (6/7.5 or better in each eye), field of vision, colour vision (advisory) |
| Cardiovascular | Blood pressure, heart rate, history of heart conditions, ECG if required |
| Neurological | History of epilepsy, stroke, TIA, or other neurological conditions |
| Diabetes | Insulin-treated diabetes requires special DVLA assessment |
| Sleep disorders | Obstructive sleep apnoea screening |
| Mental health | History of psychiatric conditions that may affect driving |
| Alcohol and drugs | History of alcohol or drug dependency |
| General fitness | Mobility, limb function, and general health |
Eyesight Standards for HGV Drivers
The eyesight standards for Group 2 (HGV/PCV) drivers are stricter than for car drivers. You must be able to read a number plate at 20 metres and meet the following visual acuity standards:
- At least 6/7.5 (Snellen) in the better eye
- At least 6/60 in the worse eye
- If you wear glasses or contact lenses, the uncorrected vision must be at least 3/60 in each eye
- A horizontal visual field of at least 160 degrees, with no significant defect in the central 120 degrees
If you have had eye surgery (such as laser correction), you may still be eligible but must declare this on the D4 form.
Medical Conditions That May Affect Your HGV Licence
Certain medical conditions require DVLA assessment before a licence can be issued or renewed. These include:
- Epilepsy: Generally requires a seizure-free period of 10 years off medication for Group 2 licences.
- Diabetes: Insulin-treated diabetes requires annual DVLA review. Tablet-treated diabetes is generally acceptable with monitoring.
- Heart conditions: Angina, heart attack, arrhythmia, and pacemakers all require DVLA assessment.
- Sleep apnoea: Untreated obstructive sleep apnoea is a bar to Group 2 licensing. Treated and controlled sleep apnoea may be acceptable.
- High blood pressure: Must be controlled to below 180/100 mmHg.
This is not an exhaustive list. The DVLA publishes full guidance in its "Assessing Fitness to Drive" document, which is updated regularly.
How Much Does the HGV Medical Cost?
The D4 medical examination is not available on the NHS — you must pay privately. Costs typically range from £50 to £120 depending on the doctor and location. Some occupational health providers offer D4 medicals at competitive rates. The fee is paid directly to the doctor.
How Often Do You Need an HGV Medical?
For drivers under 45, the D4 medical is required when first applying for an HGV licence and then at age 45. After age 45, it is required every 5 years. After age 65, it is required annually. These are minimum requirements — DVLA may require more frequent medicals for drivers with certain conditions.
How to Prepare for Your HGV Medical
- Bring your driving licence and any glasses or contact lenses you use for driving.
- Bring a list of any medications you take, including dosages.
- Declare all medical conditions honestly — failing to declare a relevant condition is a criminal offence.
- If you have a known condition (e.g. diabetes, sleep apnoea), bring recent test results or letters from your specialist.
- Avoid caffeine and strenuous exercise before the appointment to get an accurate blood pressure reading.
HGV Training at GS Driver Training
GS Driver Training can advise you on the D4 medical process as part of your HGV training journey. We work with candidates from across Surrey, Hampshire, Kent, and Sussex. Call us on 01252 447808 or contact us online to discuss your training options.
