Overloading an HGV is one of the most common and serious offences in road haulage. An overloaded vehicle is harder to control, takes longer to stop, causes accelerated road damage, and poses a significant risk to other road users. This guide explains the rules and penalties for HGV overloading in the UK in 2026.
What Is Overloading?
An HGV is overloaded if it exceeds its gross vehicle weight (GVW), any individual axle weight limit, or the train weight for articulated vehicles. Weight limits are set out in the Road Vehicles (Construction and Use) Regulations 1986 and the Road Vehicles (Authorised Weight) Regulations 1998.
Penalties for Overloading
| Degree of Overloading | Fixed Penalty | Other Consequences |
|---|---|---|
| Up to 5% over limit | £100–£300 | Warning, possible prohibition notice |
| 5–15% over limit | £300 | Prohibition notice until load reduced |
| 15–30% over limit | Prosecution | Unlimited fine, prohibition notice |
| Over 30% | Prosecution | Unlimited fine, possible imprisonment, operator licence review |
Both the driver and the operator can be prosecuted for overloading. In serious cases, the operator's licence may be reviewed by the Traffic Commissioner, potentially resulting in suspension or revocation.
How to Avoid Overloading
Know your vehicle's weight limits. Weigh your load before setting off if you are uncertain. Distribute the load evenly across all axles. Be aware that tare weight varies depending on fuel level and equipment carried. If you are unsure whether a load is within limits, refuse to carry it until you can confirm the weight.
Start Your HGV Training with GS Driver Training
GS Driver Training has helped thousands of drivers qualify since 1996. We offer Class 1 (C+E), Class 2 (C), C1, ADR, and CPC training from our facility in Surrey. View our courses or call 01252 447808.
